Department of Applied Physics and Electronic Engineering

Syllabus for B. Sc. (Honours)

Session: 2006 – 2007

Examinations:

The B.Sc. (Honours) courses in Applied Physics & Electronic Engineering (APEE) consist of total 160 credits of 4000 marks (40 units) distributed over four academic years. No students shall be allowed to stay for more than two academic years in each of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year of the program. There shall be theoretical, practical and viva-voce examinations at the end of each academic year. The mark, unit and credit distributions are given in Table 1. One unit course carries 4 credits (100 marks) and half unit course carries 2 credits (50 marks). The theoretical examination of one-unit courses shall be of 4 hours duration and half unit course shall be of 3 hours duration. There shall be a continuous assessment (including class attendance) carrying half unit (50 marks) in each academic year.

Degree requirements:

The degree shall be awarded on the basis of Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) obtained by a candidate in B. Sc. (Honours) Part-1, Part-2, Part-3 and Part-4 examinations. In order to qualify for the degree B.Sc. (Honours), a candidate must have to obtain the following within six academic years from the date of admission:

(i) A minimum CGPA of 2.00,( ii) A minimum GPA of 2.00 in the practical courses in each of Part-1, Part-2, Part-3 and Part-4 examinations, (iii) A minimum total credit point (TCP) of 144, and ( iv) “S” letter grade in English course( the details are given in the grading system section. The letter grade “S” corresponds to at least 30 % marks).

Publications of results:

The overall results of a successful candidate covering all examinations of four years shall be declared on the basis of CGPA with the corresponding letter grade (LG). The transcript in English shall show the course number, course title, credit, grade and grade point of individual courses, GPA of each year, CGPA and the corresponding LG for the overall result.

Promotions:

In order to eligible for promotion from one class to the next higher Honours class, a candidate must secure (i) at least 2.00 GPA in each of Part-1, Part-2, Part-3 and Part-4 examinations (ii) at least 2.00 GPA in each of Part-1, Part-2, Part-3 and Part-4 practical course examinations(iii) 30 credits for each of Part-1 and Part-2, and 34 credits in Part-3 examinations.

Table 1: Mark, Unit and Credit Distributions

	Course	Unit	Marks	Credit Point
1ST YEAR	Theoretical	7.5	700	30
	English (noncredit)¹	0.5	50	00
	Practical²	1.0	100	4
	Viva-voce	0.5	50	2
	Continuous Assessment³	0.5	50	2
	Total	9.5	950	38
2ND YEAR	Theoretical	7.0	700	28
	Practical²	1.5	150	6
	Viva-voce	0.5	50	2
	Continuous Assessment	0.5	50	2
	Total	9.5	950	38
3RD YEAR	Theoretical	7.0	700	28
	Practical²	2.5	250	10
	Viva-voce	0.5	50	2
	Continuous Assessment³	0.5	50	2
	Total	10.5	1050	42
4TH YEAR	Theoretical	6.5	650	26
	Practical²	2.5	250	10
	Research Project	0.5	50	2
	Viva-voce	0.5	50	2
	Continuous Assessment³	0.5	50	2
	Total	10.5	1050	42
	Grand Total	40	4000	160

¹A candidate shall not be allowed to continue the B.Sc. Honours program if he/she fails to obtain the letter grade “S” in the English course in 4 academic years from the date of admission. The letter grade “S” corresponds to at least 30% marks.

²30% of the total practical marks shall be allotted for continuous laboratory assessment.

³20% of the assessment marks shall be awarded for the attendance in the class on the basis of the following table.

Table 2: Marks on Attendance

Attendance	Marks	Attendance	Marks	Attendance	Marks
95-100%	20%	90-95%	18%	85-90%	16%
80-85%	14%	75-80%	12%	70-75%	10%
65-70%	8%	60-65%	6%	<60%	00%

Course Improvement:

A promoted student earning a grade less than 2.75 individual courses shall be allowed to improve the grades of courses not more than two full unit courses of Part-1, Part-2, and part-3 examinations or the equivalent courses (in case of changes in the syllabus), defined by the departmental academic committee, through the regular examination of the immediate following batch. No improvement shall be allowed in practical course examinations / viva-voce/ class assessment/ tutorial/ terminal/ home assignment and thesis/ dissertation/ project/ in-plant training courses. If a candidate fails to improve his/her course grade, the previous grade shall remain valid. If a readmitted candidate fails to appear at the class assessment/ tutorial/ terminal/ home assignment and thesis/ dissertation/ project/ in-plant training courses, his/her previous grades shall remain valid.

Result Improvement:

A candidate obtaining a CGPA of less than 2.75 at the end of Part-4 examinations, within 6 academic years, shall be allowed to improve his/her result, on up to a maximum of 4 full units of the Part-4 theoretical courses in the immediate next regular examination after publication of his/her result.. No improvement shall be allowed for practical courses examinations / viva-voce/ class assessment/ tutorial/ terminal/ home assignment and thesis/ dissertation/ project/ in-plant training courses. If a candidate fails to improve CGPA with the block of new GP in total, the previous results shall remain valid.

Pass degree:

Candidates failing to obtain required GPA, (i) for promotions in Honours Part-3 examination in 4 academic years, in case of readmission in Part-3 course year, or 5 academic years, with no readmission part-3 course year from the date of admission, or (ii) for Honours degree in Honours Part-4 examination in 6 academic years from the date of admission but secure (a) a CGPA of at least 2.00 (ignoring TCP) up to Honours Part-3 examination and (b) obtain a letter grade of “S” in the English course in 4 academic years from the date of admission, shall be awarded a B. Sc. Pass degree. Such candidate shall not be allowed to improve on the B. Sc. Pass degree.

Dropping out:

Candidates failing to earn the yearly required GPA after completing regular examinations and subsequently failed again after taking readmission in 1st, 2nd or 3rd year shall be dropped out of the program.

Eligibility for examinations:

a) Percentage of Attendance: In order to be eligible for taking up the B.Sc. (Honours) examinations, a candidate must have pursued a regular course of study by attending not less than 75% of the total number of classes held (theoretical, practical, class, assessment etc.) provided that the academic committee of the department on special grounds and on such documentary evidence that may be necessary, may condone the cases of shortage of attendance not below 60%. A candidate, appearing the examination under the benefit of this provision shall have to pay in addition to the fees, the requisite fee prescribed by the syndicate for the purpose. Candidates having less than 60% attendance shall not be allowed to fill up the examination form.

a) Readmission: A candidate, who failed to appear at the examination or fails to pass the examination, may on the approval of the relevant department be admitted to the immediate following session in the first, second, third or fourth year of the program. A readmitted candidate shall have to reappear at all course examinations

The Grading System:

Letter Grades (LG), Corresponding Grade (CG), Grade Point (GP) and Credit Points (CP) shall be awarded in accordance with provisions shown below.

Table-3

a) Table of LG, GP, and CP for non credit course

Numerical Grade	LG	GP/unit	CP/unit
80% or its above	A+ (A plus)	4.00	4
75% to less than 80%	A (A regular)	3.75	4
70% to less than 75%	A- (A minus)	3.50	4
65% to less than 70%	B+ (B plus)	3.25	4
60% to less than 65%	B (B regular)	3.00	4
55% to less than 60%	B- (B minus)	2.75	4
50% to less than 55%	C+ (C plus)	2.50	4
45% to less than 50%	C (C regular)	2.25	4
40% to less than 45%	D	2.00	4
Less than 40%	F	0.00	0
Incomplete	I	--	0

Absence from the final examination shall be considered incomplete with the letter grade “I”.

b) Table of LG, GP, and CP for non credit course

Numerical Grade	LG	GP/unit	CP/unit
30% and above	S	0.00	0.00
Less than 30%	U	0.00	0.00

†Here S and U refer to satisfactory and unsatisfactory respectively.

Calculation of Grade Point Average (GPA) & Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA):

The weighted average of the grade points obtained in all the courses by a student and Total Credit Point (TCP) shall be calculated from the following equations:

GPA= Sum of [(CP)i × (GP)i]/sum of (CP)i;

TCP=Sum of (CP)i,

The weighted average of GPAs of a student in all four years shall be calculated from the following equation:

CGPA= Sum of [(TCP)j×(GPA)j]/Sum of (TCP)j

where, (GP)i= grade point obtained in individual course (CP)i= credit point for respective course, (GPA)j=grade point average obtained in a year and (TCP)j= total point for that year. GPA and CGPA shall be rounded off up to two places after decimal to the advantage of the examinee. For instance, GPA=2.112 shall be rounded off as GPA=2.12.

First Year: Examination – 2007

Courses

Unit

Marks

Credit

APEE-101: Basic Electronics

100

APEE-102: Applied Electricity, Magnetism & Networks

100

APEE-103: Applied Mechanics and Optics

100

APEE-104: Thermodynamics, Refrigeration, Air-conditioning & Acoustics

100

APEE-105: Continuous assessment

0.5

APEE-106: Viva – voce

0.5

APEE-107: *Practical – l : (12 hours) on Electrical Networks, Basic Electronics, Mechanics & Optics

100

APEE(R) -108: Algebra, Trigonometry & Vector Analysis

100

APEE(R)- 109: Differential Calculus & Integral Calculus

100

APEE(R)-110: Statistics

100

APEE(R) -111: Chemistry

0.5

APEE -112: English

0.5

_________________________________________

Total =

9.5

950

*Marks Distribution for APEE-107:

i) Continuous Evaluation 30

ii) Two Experiments (2x 6 hours) 2 x 25 = 50

iii) Table Viva - voce 20

____________________________________

Total = 100

Second year: Examination -2008

Courses

Credit

Marks

Unit

APEE-201: Electronic Devices & Circuits

100

APEE-202: Electrical Machine Systems & Filter

100

APEE-203: Digital Electronics

100

APEE-204: Quantum Mechanics, Atomic & Nuclear Physics

100

APEE-205: Continuous Assessment

0.5

APEE-206: Viva – voce

0.5

APEE-207: * Practical - II: (12 hours)

1.5

150

(a) Filter, AC Circuit & Electronics (marks=70)

(b) (i) Mechanical & Electrical Workshop Practice (marks =40)

(ii) Computer Programming in C (marks=40)

APEE(R)-208: Operating Systems, Programming in C & C++

100

APEE(R)- 209: Matrices & Differential Equations

100

APEE(R)-210: Special Functions & Numerical Methods

100

______________________________________

Total =

9.5

950

*Marks Distribution for APEEE-207 (a):

i) Continuous Evaluation 25

ii) One Experiment (6 hours) 30

iii) Table Viva – voce 15

____________________________

Total = 70

*Marks Distribution for APEE-207( b) (i):

i) Continuous Evaluation 10

ii) One Experiment (3 hours) 20

iii) Table Viva – voce 10

__________________________

Total = 40

Third year: Examination – 2009

Courses

Unit

Marks

Credit

APEE-301: IC Fabrication & Communication Electronics

100

APEE-302: Pulse & Switching Circuit

100

APEE-303: Basic Solid State Physics & Material Science

100

APEE-304: Instrumentation & Control Systems

0.5

APEE-305: Non Conventional Energy

0.5

APEE-306: Electromagnetic Theory & Antenna

100

APEE-307: Geophysics

100

APEE-308: Microprocessor & Microcontroller

100

APEE-309: Continuous Assessment

0.5

APEE-310: Viva – voce

0.5

APEE-311: * Practical-III: (18 hours)

(a) Analog & Digital Electronics (marks =160)

(b) (i) Electronics Workshop Practice (marks =45)

(ii) Computer Programming (C/C++) (marks =45)

2.5

250

____________________________________

Total =

10.5

1050

*Marks Distribution for APEE-311(a)

i) Continuous Evaluation 45

ii) Two Experiments(2 x 6 hours) 2 x 45 = 90

iii) Table Viva – voce 25

_________________________________

Total = 160

*Marks Distribution for APEE-311(b )(i) :

i) Continuous Evaluation 15

ii) One Experiment (3 hours) 25

iii) Table Viva – voce 5

_________________________________

Total = 45

*Marks Distribution for APEE-311b (ii):

i) Continuous Evaluation 15

ii) One Experiment (3 hours) 25

iii) Table Viva – Voce 5

_________________________________

Total = 45

Fourth Year: Examination – 2010

Courses

Unit

Marks

Credit

APEE-401: Communication Engineering

100

APEE-402: Radio and Television Engineering

100

APEE-403: Computer Networks and Data Communication

0.5

APEE-404: Computer Architecture & Organization

100

APEE-405: Solid State Physics

100

APEE-406: Telecommunication Engineering

100

APEE-407: Applied Geophysics

100

APEE-408: Continuous Assessment (Including Study Tour)

0.5

APEE-409: Viva-voce

0.5

APEE-410: Project/ Practical Special (6 hours)

0.5

APEE-411: * Practical IV: Compulsory (18 hours):

(a) Microprocessor, Solid state physics, Geophysics and Electronics (marks =190)

(b) HDL Programming (marks = 60)

2.5

250

__________________________________________

Total =

10.5

1050

* Marks Distribution for APEE-411(a):

i) Continuous Evaluation 60

ii) 2 Experiments (2x6 hours) 2x55 = 110

iii) Table Viva-voce 20

________________________________

Total = 190

*Marks Distribution for APEE-411(b):

(i) Continuous evaluation 15

(ii) One Experiment (6 hours) 35

(iii) Table Viva-voce 10

_________________________________

Total = 60

Table 4: Year-wise total marks & unit distribution

	1st Year Marks(Unit)	2nd Year Marks(Unit)	3rd Year Marks(Unit)	4th Year Marks(Unit)	Total Marks(Unit)
Theory	750(7.5)	700(7)	700(7)	650(6.5)	2800(28)
Practical +Project	100(1)	150(1.5)	250(2.5)	300(3)	800(8)
Viva-voce	50 (0.5)	50 (0.5)	50 (0.5)	50 (0.5)	200(2)
Continuous Assessment	50 (0.5)	50 (0.5)	50 (0.5)	50 (0.5)	200(2)
Grand Total	950(9.5)	950 (9.5)	1050(10.5)	1050(10.5)	4000(40)

Table 5: Year-wise distribution of marks of major and related courses

	1st Year Marks(Unit)	2nd Year Marks(Unit)	3rd Year Marks(Unit)	4th Tear Marks(Unit)	Total Marks(Unit)
Major	600(6)	650(6.5)	1050(10.5)	1050(10.5)	2700(33.5)
Related	350(3.5)	300(3)	----	----	650(6.5)
Grand Total	950(9.5)	950 (9.5)	1050(10.5)	1050(10.5)	4000(40)

First Year

APEE-101
Basic Electronics: 100 marks, 1 unit
(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)
Lectures: 75

Introduction to Semiconductor: History of electronics, Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, N and P- type semiconductors, Mobility, Drift Velocity, Energy band gap. The potential barrier, Work function, Different type of electron emission, Continuity equation, Hall effect.
Semiconductor Diodes: PN junction diodes and their V-I characteristics, Zener diode, Tunnel diode, Varactor diode, Thermistor, Photodiode and LDR, Transition & Diffusion capacity.
Diode Circuits: Ideal rectifier concept, Half wave and Full wave rectifiers, Filters, Voltage regulators, Voltage doubler, Clippers,Clampers.
Bipolar Junction Transistors: PNP and NPN type, Transistor V-I characteristics, CE, CB, and CC configurations, Transistor action, Transistor as an amplifier, Operating point, Load line.
Transistor Biasing & Stability: Faithful amplification, Biasing, Stabilization, Stability factor, Factors contributing to thermal instabilities, Methods of transistor biasing, Emitter bias, Bias compensation.
Single Stage Trasistor Amplifiers: Graphical demonstration of a Transitor, Practical circuit of a transistor amplifire, Phase reversal, D.C and A.C equivalent circuits, Load line analysis (D.C and A.C), Voltage gain, Current gain, Power gain, Classification of amplifiers.
Small Signal Amplifier: Low Frequency Amplifiers: Transistor equivalent circuits, Hybrid parameters, Analysis of common emitter, common base and common collector amplifiers using h-Parameters, Common emitter amplifier with emitter resistor.
Multistage Transistor Amplifiers: Cascading CE stage, Frequency response, Bandwidth, R-C coupled transistor amplifier, Transformer coupled amplifier, Direct-coupled amplifier.

Books Recommended:

Text Books:
1. J. Millman and C.C. Halkias	: Electronic Devices and Circuits
2. V.K. Mehta	: Principles of Electronics.
3. Robert Boylsted	: Electronics Device and Circuits Theory
Reference Books:
1. S. L. Gupta & V. Kumar	: Handbook of Electronics
2. E. N. Lurch	: Fundamental of Electronics.
3. A. Mottershead	: Electronics Devices and Circuits.
4. J. J. Brophy	: Basic Electronics for Scientists.
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APEE-102
Applied Electricity, Magnetism & Networks: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit
(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)
Lectures: 75

Electrostatic and Steady Electric Current: Gauss's Law and its application; Electric field in dielectric media, Energy in an electrostatic field, Concept of electric current; Current density; Equation of continuity; Ohm’s law, Resistivity and conductivity, Electrostatic force, Electromotive force.
Networks Analysis: Kirchhoff's laws, Wheatstone bridge, Superposition theorem; Millman’s theorem; Reciprocity theorem, Thevenin's theorem, Norton's theorem, Maximum power transfer theorem, Mesh and Node circuit analysis, Reduction of complicated networks, T and -section network.
Magnetic Field and Its Interaction: Magnetic induction, Magnetic force on a charge, Lorenz force, Magnetic field of a current, Torque on a current Loop, Moving coil galvanometer, Biot-Savart law and its applications, Ampere's law, Measurement of electrical quantities; Ammeter and Voltmeter, Wattmeter & extension of meters.
Electromagnetic Induction: Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, Lenz's law, Induced current and voltage, Self inductance and mutual inductance, Inductor, Ideal transformer, Energy stored in a magnetic field. Solving electromagnetic circuit.
Varying Current: Circuit elements, Transients in RC, RL and RLC circuits, Steady state sinusoidal analysis, Phasor diagrams, and Polyphase circuit.
Alternating Current: General AC theory, AC power, Average and RMS value of AC voltage and current, Use of complex quantities in AC circuits, Resonant circuits, Q-value and Bandwidth.
Chemical Effects of Current: Faraday's law's of electrolysis, Applications: Storage cells, Charging system, Electroplating.
Thermoelectricity: Thermal electromotive forces, Seeback effect and Peltier effect, Laws of addition of thermal electromotive forces, Thermoelectric equations and power, Practical thermocouple, Illumination laws, Various kinds of lamp.

Books Recommended:

Text Books:

1. D.R. Resnick and D. Halliday : Physics, Part-II

2. B. L. Theraza : Electrical Technology

3. D. Elwell & A.J. Pointon : Classical Thermodynamics

Reference Books:

1. A.R. Rafiqullah , A. K. Roy & M.S. Huq: Concepts of Electricity and Magnetism.

2. B. Grobe	:	Basic Electronics.
3. Arthur kip	:	Fundamentals of Electricity and Magnetism.
4. J. D. Ryder	:	Networks, Lines and Fields
5 J. A. Edminister	:	Electric Circuits.
6. P. A. Tipler	:	Physics for Scientists & Engineers.

APEE-103

Applied Mechanics and Optics: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Group-A ( 3 Questions to be answered)

Motion of Particles: Linear motion of a body as function of time, Position and velocity, Rotational motion, Relation between linear and angular kinematics, Fly wheel; Collision problem; Simple harmonic motion and its application, Compound pendulum, Damped harmonic motion, Forced oscillation and Resonance. Conservation laws in general, Conservative forces, Non conservative force, Laws of conservation of momentum, Motion of the center of mass, Collision, System of variable mass.
Waves: Types of waves, Equation of Waves, Velocity and Energy, Complex waves, Standing waves and resonance, Beats, Sound waves, the Doppler effect.
Elasticity: Hooke's Law, Different types of elastic constants and their relations, Cantilever.
Gravitation: Newton's laws of gravitation, Gravitational fields and potentials, Relation between them, Special cases of attraction and potential, Escape velocity, Kepllar's Law.
Fluid Mechanics: Surface tension and its measurements, Different types of flow, Equation of continuity, Bernoulli's theorem, Viscosity, Effects of temperature & pressure on viscous fluid.

Group-B (2 Questions to be answered)

Interference : Huygen's principle, Interference phenomena, Young's experiment, Michaelson interferometer, Interference involving multiple reflections, Newton's ring, Holography,
Diffraction Diffraction, Fraunhoffer and Fresnel diffraction, Diffraction by single slit; Diffraction gratings and its resolving power.
Polarization: Polarization of light; Different types of polarized light, Production of plane polarized light, Brewster's Law, Nicol prism, Optical activity; Specific and molecular rotation; Different types of optical instruments, Polarimeter.

Books Recommended.

Text Books:

1. F.W. Constant : Theoretical Physics

2. S. D. Mathur : Mechanics

3. R.A. Jenkins and H.E. White : Fundamental of optics

Reference Books:

1. F.A. Newman and V.H.L. Searle	:	The General properties of Matter.
2. D.R. Resnik and D. Halliday	:	Physics Part-I and II
3. Champion and Davy	:	Properties of matter.
4. Morgan	:	Introduction to Geometrical & Physical Optics.
5. B.Rossi	:	Optics.
6. R. N. Ghose	:	Physical Optics
7. Johnson	:	Optics and Optical Instruments.
8. Jacobs	:	Fundamentals of Optical Engineers
9. B. K. Mathur	:	Principle of Optics.
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APEE-104

Thermodynamics, Refrigeration, Air-conditioning & Acoustics

100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Group-A (3 Questions to be answered)

Thermodynamical Concepts: Thermodynamic systems; The first law of thermodynamics, Some consequences of first Law, The second law of thermodynamics, Entropy, Combined first law and second law.
Thermal Radiation: Kirchoff's law, Black body radiation, Stefan's law, Wien's displacement law, Rayleigh-Jean’s law, Plank's radiation law, Experimental verification and its comparison with others.
Statistical Mechanics: Statistical distributions, Quantum statistics, Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, Fermi-Dirac statistics, Bose-Eienstein statistics.
Refrigeration: Principles of refrigeration, Types of refrigeration system, Load calculation, Uses and application in industry.
Air-conditioning: Principles of air-conditioning, Types of air-conditioning system, Load calculation, Applications.

Group-B (2 Questions to be answered)

Architectural Acoustics: Architectural elements, Measurement of reverberation time and its correction, Reverberation theory and Optimum reverberation in auditorium, Absorption of sound.
Electro - Acoustics: Classification of microphone and its characteristics. Pressure microphone and pressure gradient microphone, Calibration of microphones, Loudspeakers, Ultrasonics and their applications, Magnetic and optical means of recording and reproduction of sound, Artificial ear and stereophony.
Vacuum Technique: Production of vacuum, Exhaust pump, Rotary pump, Vapour pump, Ion pump, Measurement of vacuum and Vacuum gauges, Vacuum leaks and their detection.

Books Recommended.

Text Books:

1. F. W. Sears : Thermodynamics

2. R.C. Jordan and G.B. Priester : Refrigeration and Air-conditioning

3. J. L. Hunter : Applied Acoustics

4. Yarwood : Introduction to High Vacuum.

5.A. Beiser : Modern Physics

Reference Books:

1. D. Elwell & A.J. Pointon : Classical Thermodynamics

2. R. J. Dossat : Principle of Refrigeration.

3. N.C. Harris & E.M.Hemmerling : Introductory Applied Physics.

4. W.E.Severn and J.R. Fellow : Airconditioning and Refrigeration.

5. W. Earl Stewart : Magnetic Recording Technique.

6. H. F. Olson and F. Messa : Applied Acoustics.

7. A.Guthrue : Vacuum System

APEE(R)-108

Algebra, Trigonometry and Vector Analysis: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

1. a. Algebra of sets, De Morgan's rule, relation & function.

b. Determinants: Properties and Cramer's rule.

2. Theory of Equations:

a. Theorem, and relation between roots and coefficients.

b. Solution of cubic equations.

3. a. De Moiver' theorem

b. Deduction from De Moiver's theorem.

4. a. Functions of complex arguments.

b. Gregory's series.

5. a. Summation of series.

b. Hyperbolic functions.

6. Vector Addition, Multiplication & Differentiation.

7. Vector differential operator - grad. div. and curl.

Books Recommended:

Text Books:

1. H.S. Hall and S.R. Knight : Higher Algebra

2. B.C. Das and B.N. Mukherjee : Higher Trigonometry

3. M. R. Spiezel : Vector Analysis

Reference Books:

1. Barnside and Panton : Theory of Equations

2. Barnside and Child : Higher Algebra

3. M. A. Sattar : Higher Trigonometry

4. M. A. Sattar : Vector Analysis.

APEE(R)-109

Differential Calculus and Integral calculus: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Group A ( 3 Questions to be answered)

1. Functions: Domain, Range, Inverse function and graphs of functions, Limits, Continuity, Indeterminate form.

2. Ordinary Differentiation: Differentiability, Differentiation, Successive differentiation and Leibnitz theorem.

3. a. Expansions of functions: Rolle's theorem, Mean value theorem, Taylor's and Maclaurin's formulae

b. Maximum and minimum of functions of one variable.

4. a. Partial Differentiation: Euler's theorem, Tangents and normals.

b. Asymptotes.

Group B ( 2 Questions to be answered)

Indefinite Integrals: Method of substitution, Integration by parts, Special trigonometric functions and rational fractions.
Definite Integrals: Fundamental theorem, General properties, Evaluations of definite integrals and reduction formulas.
Multiple Integrals: Determination of lengths, Areas and Volumes.

Books Recommended

Text Books:

1. B.C Das and B.N.Mukherjee : Differential Calculus

2. B.C.Das and B.N. Mukherjee : Integral Calculus

Reference Books:

1. F. Ayres : Calculus

2. Edwards : Differential Calculus

3. Williamson : Integral Calculus

4. Muhammad and Bhattacherjee : Differential Calculus.

5. Muhammad and Bhattacherjee : Integral Calculus

APEE(R)-110

Statistics: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 Unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Statistics: Meaning & Scope, Variables & Attributes, Collections and presentation of statistical data, Frequency distribution and Graphical Representation.
Analysis of Statistical data: Location, Dispersion and their measures, Skews, Kurtosis and their measures, Moment and cumulants.
Correlation and Regression: Statistical and Causal Relationship. Statistical Dependency. Scatter Diagram. Meaning of correlation and Regression & Total correlation, Rank correlation, Correlation ratio, Intraclass correlation-Analysis and Interpretation, Spurious Correlation. Lines of regression, Method of Least square. Fitting of two and three variable regression Models. Residuals, partial and multiple correlation and regression Analysis.
Elements of Probability: Sample Space, Events union and Intersection of events. Probability of events, Loss of probability, Frequency limit and Probabilities, Addition law of probability, Application to occupancy problems, Conditional probabilities, Bayes probability, Chebysev-s inequality.
Random variables and probability Distribution: Basic concepts, Discrete and continuos random variables, Density and distributional functions, Mathematical expectation and variance, Conditional expectation and conditional variance, Expected values and variance of the density distributions, Moments and cumulants generating functions. Characteristics function. Study of binomial, Poisson, Normal, Geometric, Negative binomial, Hypergeometric, Multinomial, Cauchy and Wibul distribution, Exponential, Beta and Gamma Distributions.
Test of Significance in Small and large samples: Basic ideas of Sampling distribution; population and sample. Comparison of two sample means, Proportions and variances. Bartlett's test for homogeneity of variances, Test for correlation and Regression coefficients, Exact test for 2*2 tables, Test for r*c tables, Three-way contingency tables.

Books Recommended:

Text Books:

1. P.G. Hoel. : Introductory Statistics

2. S.G. Gupta : Fundamentals of Statistics

Reference Books:

1. A.J.B. Anderson. : Interpreting Data.

2. H. Cramer : The Elements of Probability Theory.

3. D.V.Lindley : Introduction to Probability and Statistics

4. S. Lipschutz.. : Probability

5. Mosteller, Rourke & Thomas : Probability with Statistical Applications;

6. F.L. Wolf. : Elements of Probability and Statistics

7. T.H. Wonnacot & R.J.Wonnacot : Introductory Statistics,

8. Yule & M.G.Kendall. : An Introduction to the Theory of Statistics

APEE(R)-111

Chemistry: 50 marks (2 credit) (2 credit), 0.5 unit

(Time: 3 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lecturers: 40

Periodic Classification of Elements: Modern periodic table, Periodic law, Periodic system, Correlation of atomic structure with periodic properties of elements, Ionization potential, Electron affinity, Electromagnetivity, Atomic and ionic radii, Properties of oxides.
Electrochemistry: Electrolytic dissociation, Theory of electrolytic conductance. Ionic mobility and transference number, Simple ideas about electrode potential and reversible cells.
Chemical Equilibrium & Kinetics: Low of mass action. Expression for chemical equilibrium constant, Kp, Kc, Kx, Rate of reaction and rate constant, Order and molecularity kinetics of first and second order reaction, Determination of order of reactions, Arrhenius equation and energy of activation, Le Chatelier's principles & applications, Dependants of equilibrium constants Lq temperature.
Surface Chemistry and Colloids: Adsorption, Langmuir and Gibbs adsorption isotherm, Colloids, Definitions of terms, Electrodialysis, Classification, Preparation and properties of colloids, Elementary idea about emulsions and gels. Importance of colloids, Aliphatic & Aromatic Compounds, Preparation and properties of alcohol’s, Halides, aldehydes. Preparations and properties of benzene & phenol.

Recommended Books:

Text Books:

1. R. D. Madan : Modern Inorganic Chemistry

2. M.M. Haque and M.A. Nawab : Principles of Physical Chemistry

3. B.S. Bahl & A. Bahl : Advances Organic Chemistry

Reference Books:

1. G.M. Barrow	: Physical Chemistry
2. W.J. Moore	: Physical Chemistry
3. K.J. Laidler and J.H. Meiser	: Physical Chemistry
4. S.R. Palit	: Elementary Physical Chemistry
5. S. Z. Haider	: Modern Inorganic Chemistry
6. Companion	: Chemical Bonding
7. Cotton, Wilkinson & Jones	: Basic Inorganic Chemistry
8. D. K. Sebera	: Electronic Structure and Chemical Bonding
9. M. Ahmed & A. Jabbar.	: Organic Chemistry
10. L.M. Final.	: Organic Chemistry

APEE - 108

English: 50 marks (2 credit) , 0.5 unit

(Time: 3 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 40

Functional English: Sentence- Review of parts of speech; Verb-Tense and its forms (conjugation); Articles; Punctuations; Basic structure-Simple; compound and complex sentences; Voice-Change of voice; Terminology of Physical quantities-their use in sentence; Statement and explanation of fundamental physical laws; Writing scientific English- report on experiments, report on a small project.

Books Recommended:

1. S. Ahmed	:	Learning English, The Easy Way
2. A. J. Thomson and A.V. Martinet	:	A Practical English Grammar
3. J. Swales	:	Writing Scientific English
4. Wren and martin	:	English Grammar and Composition
5. G.H. Vallins	:	Good English
6. A.S. Hornby	:	The Teaching of Structural Words and Sentences Patterns(Stage 1&2)
7. A.S. Hornby	:	The Teaching of Structural Words and Sentences Patterns(Stage 3&4)

Second Year:

APEE-201

Electronic Circuits & Devices: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

High-Frequency Response: High frequency model for CE amplifier, CE short circuit current gain, High frequency current gain with resistive load, High frequency response of cascaded CE stages, Transformer coupled amplifier, Transistor noises.
Feedback: Concept of feedback: Negative feedback, Positive feedback, Voltage feedback, Current feedback, Effect of feedback on impedance, Gain, Bandwidth, Distortion & Stabilization.
Operational Amplifier: Difference amplifier, CMMR, Ideal operational amplifier, Inverting amplifier, Non-inverting amplifier, General purpose IC operational amplifier, Integrator, Differentiator, Linear and non-linear applications of operational amplifier, Comparator and Converter.
Oscillators: Positive feedback, Condition of oscillation, RC phase shift oscillator, Wein bridge oscillator, Resonant circuit oscillators, Crystal oscillator and Waveform generators.
Multivibrators: Introduction to the multivibrator, The bistable multivibrator, The monostable multivibrator, The astable multivibrator and other forms of multivibrator, Uses of multivibrator.
Power Amplifiers: Classification of power amplifiers, Collector efficiency, Transformer coupled class A amplifier; Class-B push-pull amplifier, Class-C amplifier, Tuned amplifier, Class D, E & S amplifier.
Field-Effect Transistors (FET): Construction and classification, Principle of operation, Characteristic curves, Channel conductivity, Channel ohmic and pinch-off region, Characteristic parameters of the FET, Effect of temperature on FET, Common source amplifier, Common drain amplifier, Classification of MOSFET & UJT.
Optoelectronic Devices: PN photodiode, Phototransistor, Solar cell, Photoconductive cell, Photovoltaic, Sensors, LED, LCD, Alphanumeric display, Photocouplers.

Books Recommended.

Text Books:

1. V. Kumar and S.L.Gupta : Handbook of Electronics

2. J. Millman and C.C.Halkias : Electronic Devices and Circuits

Reference Books:

1. Allen Mottershead	:	Electronic Devices and Circuits
2. G. K. Mithal	:	Industrial Electronics.
3. L. Klein	:	Electronic Test Equipment
4. Faruqui & Maskara	:	Basic Electronics
5. W.D. Cooper	:	Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Technique
6. M.Cirovic	:	Basic Electronics & Devices

	APEE-202 Electrical Machines Systems & Filter: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	Transformers: Transformer principles, Different types of transformer, Equivalent circuit of transformer, Tests of transformer, Voltage regulation, Efficiency of transformer. DC generators: Working principles of generator, Different types of DC generators, General voltage equation and Commutation process, Characteristics & Applications of DC generators. DC Motors: Operating differences between motors and generators, Classification of DC Motors, DC motors characteristics, Speed regulation, Uses of DC motors. Alternators: Alternator construction, Rotor speed and frequency, Armature windings, Different winding factors, EMF generation, Alternator on load, Voltage regulation, Parallel operation of alternators, Maximum power output. AC Motors: Single and poly phase motor, Synchronous motors, Operation characteristics of motors, Applications of motors, Other type of AC motors. Impedance Transformation and Coupled Circuits: Transformation of impedance, Image impedance, Equivalent T network for magnetically coupled circuits, Bandwidth of insufficiently coupled circuits, Effect of over coupling, Selectivity curves. AC Power Transmission and Distribution: General layout of the system, Power system and system networks, Systems of distribution, Effect of voltage on transmission efficiency, Constants of transmission line, Reactance of single and three-phase lines, Corona. Filters: Properties of symmetrical networks, Characteristics impedance, Filter fundamentals, Different types of filters, Constant - K and m - derived filters, Design conditions & uses, Active Filters.
	Books Recommended.
	Text Books: 1. B. L. Theraza : Electrical Technology. 2. E. Huges : Electrical Technology 3. J. D. Ryder : Networks, Lines and Fields. Reference Books: 1. H. Cotton : Advanced Electrical Technology 2. J. A. Edminister : Electric circuit

	APEE-203 Digital Electronics: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	Boolean Algebra and Electronic Logic Circuits: Boolean algebra, Postulates of Boolean algebra, Boolean theorem, Number Systems, Positive and negative number, 1's complement addition and 1's complement subtraction, 2's complement addition and subtraction, Positive and negative BCD numbers, Logic gates, Electronic logic gates applications, Logic family (DTL, RTL, TTL, ECL, MOS ). Minimization of Boolean Functions: Forms of Boolean functions, Shannon's theorem, Minimization of Boolean functions using Karnaugh map, Quine Mclusky method, Iterative consensus method, Implementation of switching functions (Using various gates: NOR, NAND, AND - OR- INVERT). Combinational Logic Circuits: Half adder, Full adder, CLA, Encoder, Decoder, Multiplexer, Demultiplexer. Introduction to Sequential Logic Circuits: Difference between combinational circuits and sequential circuits, Flip-flops, Shift registers, Programmable Logic Array (PLA). Analysis and Synthesis of Sequential Circuits: Basic models of sequential machines, Equivalence and minimization, Analysis and synthesis of synchronous and asynchronous sequential circuits, Shift operation, Binary multiplication, Binary multiplier, and Binary division, Various types of Register. Design of Sequential Circuits: Sequential machine flow chart, Reading reduced - Dimension maps, Output- function synthesis, Next-state-Function synthesis, State assignment, Counter design problems, Different types of counter. Memories: Semiconductor memories, Magnetic core memories. Digital Instrumentation: Digital to Analog converters, Analog to Digital converters, Digital voltmeter, Frequency meter, Phase meter, and Digital display.
	Books Recommended:
	Text Books: 1. V. K. Jain : Switching Theory & Digital Electronics Reference books: 1. M. Morris Mano : Digital Logic and Computer Design. 2. Neschalski : Digital Computer 3. Artwick : Microcomputer Interfacing 4. S. C. Lee : Digital Circuit & Logic Design.

	APEE – 204 Quantum Mechanics, Atomic & Nuclear Physics: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	Group-A Classical Mechanics: Lagrange's equation; Hamilton's equation, Limitations of classical mechanics; Wave Particle Duality: Particle properties of waves, Photoelectric effect, Quantum theory of light, X-rays, X-rays diffraction, Compton effect, Photons and Gravity, Wave properties of particles, De Broglie waves, Wave equations, Phase and Group velocities, Uncertainty principle and applying the uncertainty principle. Quantum Mechanics: Postulates of quantum mechanics, Linear operators, Eigen values, Eigen functions, Time dependent and time independent Schrodinger's equations, Particle in a box, Reflection and Transmission by a barrier, Tunnel effect. Linear Harmonic Oscillator: The eigen values and eigen functions, Annihilation and creation operators, Schrodinger equation of hydrogen atom, The quantum number and selection rules, Radioactive transition and Zeeman effect. Relativity: Postulates of special relativity, Time dilation, Doppler effect, Length contraction, Twin paradox, Relativity of mass, Mass and energy, Massless particles; Lorentz transformation, Velocity addition. Group-B Atomic Physics: Rutherford model of the atom, Alpha-particle scattering formula, Nuclear dimensions, Electron orbits, Atomic spectra, The Bohr atom, The energy levels and spectra; Nuclear motion, Atomic excitation, The Pauli's exclusion principle and its application. Radioactivity: Nuclear composition, some nuclear properties, Stable nuclei, Binding energy, Radioactive decay laws, Half life and Mean life, Radiometric dating, Radioactive series, Artificial radioactivity, Radiation hazards, Different types of decay. Nuclear Reaction: Nuclear fission and fusion, Principles of nuclear fission process, Characteristics of fission neutrons, Fission reactor, Thermonuclear reaction, Nuclear fusion reaction, and Fusion reactor.
	Books Recommended.
	Text Books: 1. A. Beiser : Concepts of Modern Physics. 2. N. Subrahmanyam & B.Lal : Atomic and Nuclear Physics. Reference Books: 1. C. W. Sherwin : Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 2. P. T. Methews : Introduction to Quantum Mechanics 3. K. Ziock : Basic Quantum Mechanics. 4. H. Semont : Introduction to Atomic and Nuclear Physics. 5. D. Halliday : Introduction to Nuclear Physics. 6. Littlefield & Thorly : Atomic and Nuclear Physics. 7. C. M. H. Smith : A Text Book of Nuclear Physics. 8. I. Kaplan : Nuclear physics 9. H. Goldstein : Classical Mechanics

	APEE(R)- 208 Operating System & Programming in C & C++ 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Question to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	Group-A 1. Principles of Operating System: History of the operating system, Operating system concepts, Operating system structure, Introduction to process, Process scheduling, Memory management, File system, Input/output and an introduction to distributed operating system. 2. Hardware: Organization and architecture of PC, Motherboards and microprocessor, Memory Unit, Primary and Secondary memory, I/O devices, peripheral devices, BIOS, AT/XT, ISA, PCI bus architecture. Group-B 1. C Programming Fundamentals: Constants, Variables, Keywords, Data types, C instructions, Hierarchy of operations, Programming structure of C. 4. Decision Making and Looping: If statements, If -else statements, Else if statements, Nesting; While loop, For loop, Nesting of loop, The odd loops, Break & Continue statements, Do-while loop, Case control structure. 5. Arrays & Functions: One dimensional array, Two dimensional array; Array initialization, C function and its structure, Passing values between functions, Scope rules of function, Nesting and recursion of function, Call by value and Call by reference, Passing array elements to a function. 6. String Operation: Strings, Declaring and initializing string variables, String I/O operations, Standard library string functions, Two dimensional array of characters, Array of pointers to string and its limitations, Concept of C preprocessors, Structure need for structure, Declaring structure type, Array of structure, Array within structure, Structure within structure, Structure and functions, Structure I/O in C: Type of I/O; Console I/O, Disk I/O, File opening and closing, I/O redirection in DOS. 7. Pointers: Introductions to pointers, Pointer notations, Array and pointers, Function and pointers,Linked list and dynamic memory allocation. 8. Concepts of OOP: Traditional structured programming, Object oriented programming, C++ terminology; Encapsulation, Class hierarchy, Constructor & destructor, Operator overloading, Function overloading, Inheritance, Virtual function & polymorphism, C++ I/O function.
	Books Recommended:
	Text Books: 1. H. L Capron & K. Williams : Computer & Data Processing, The Benjamin Cumings Pub.86 2. Barry Shore : Introduction to Computer Information Systems. 3. Kerningham & Ritiche: : Programming in c/c++ 4. H. Schield : C/C++ The complete reference Reference Books: 1. Charles S Parker : Computer and their Applications. 2. R. M. Stair : Principles of Data Processing;

	APEE(R)-209 Matrices and Differential Equations: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	Group – A ( 3 Questions to be answered) 1. Algebra of Matrices: Adjoint, Inverse and rank of matrix-definition, Properties and evaluation. 2. Elementary Transformations: Echelon: Canonical and normal forms, Solution of system of linear equations, Consistency and solution of homogeneous and nonhomogeneous systems by matrix method, and reduction to equivalent system. 3. Characteristic Equation: Eigenvalues, Eigenvectors and Caley-Hamilton theorem, Similar matrices and diagonalization. Group – B ( 2 Questions to be answered) 4. Solutions of first order and first degree and first-order and higher degree equations with variable coefficients. 5. Solution of Higher-Order linear differential equations. 6. Differential Equations: Series solution of linear differential equation, Series solution of second order equation with variable coefficients, Solutions of partial differential equation, Laplace's equation, Poisson's equation, Helmholtz's equation, Diffusion equation, Green's function solution, Integral equation.
	Books Recommended:
	Text books: 1.M. L. Khanna : Matrices 2 .S. L. Ross : Introduction of Ordinary Differential Equations Reference Books: 1 F. Ayres : Theory and problems of Matrices. 2. Moduffe : Theory of Matrices 3. F. Ayres : Differential Equations. 4. B. D. Sharma : Differential Equations. 5. L. Pipes : App. Mathe. For Engineers and Physicist 6. I. S. Sokolnikoff & R.M.Redheffer : Math. For Physics and Modern Physics

APEE(R) -210

Special Functions & Numerical methods: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Group – A (Special Functions)

1. Gamma and Beta functions: Bessel's equation, bessel functions of first and second and third kind; recurrence relations; Legendre's differential equations and Legendre polynomials; Hermite's differential equation, Hermite & Lagrange polynomials; Hypergeometric function and its properties; Fourier series and Integral; Fourier and Laplace Transform.

Group – B (Numerical Methods)

1. Matrix Algebra and Simultaneous Equation: Elementary operations of matrices; Gauss-Jordan elimination method-Direct method; Necessity of normalization; Zero diagonal elements and positioning of size; Matrix inversion; Gauss-Seidel iterative method.

2. Polynomial Interpolation: The Lagrange polynomials; Lagrange's interpolation formula for unequally spaced data.

3. Numerical Integration: Trapezoidal rules; Simpson's rule; Romberg's formula; Legendre polynomials; Gaussian, Quadrature.

4. Solution of Partial Differential Equations: Introduction, Examples of Partial differential equation, the approximation of derivatives of finite differences, Parabolic Differential, equation, Derivation of the Elliptic Differences Elliptic Differences , Laplace equation, Iterative Method, Successive Over-relaxation and Alternating and Direction Methods.

5. Computer program for solution of numerical methods.

Books Recommended:

Text Books:

1. Rajput and Prakash : Mathematical Physics;

2. Kuo : Computer Application of Numerical Methods.

3. S. S. Sastry : Methods of numerical Analysis

Reference Books:

1. Sokolnikoff & Redheffer	:	Mathematics for Physics and Modern Engineering
2. Jeffreys and Jeffreys	:	Methods of Mathematical Physics
3. I. S. Sokolnikoff & R.M.Redheffer	:	Mathematics for Physics and Modern Physics

	Third Year
	APEE-301 IC Fabrication & Communication Electronics: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	1. Manufacturing Wafers: Semiconductor Silicon Preperation, Crystalline materials, Crystal orientation, Crystal growth, Crystal and wafer quality, Wafer preperation, Wafer slicing, Wafer making, Rough polishing, Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), Backside processing, Double-sided processing, Double-sided polishing, Edge grinding and polishing, Wafer evaluation, Oxidation, Epi on silicon wafer. 2. Oxidation and Basic patterning: Silicon dioxide layer uses, Thermal oxidation mechanism, Thermal oxidation methods, Rapid thermal processing (RTP), High-pressure oxidation, Oxidation processes, Postoxidation evaluation, Anodic oxidation, Thermal nitridation. Overview of the photomasking process, Ten step process, Basic photoresisit chemistry, Comparison of positive and negative resists, Photomasking process, Surface preparation, Photoresist spinning, Soft bake. 3. Doping and deposition: Definition of a junction, Formation of doped region, Formation of doped region and junction by diffusion, Diffusion process steps, Deposition, Drive-in-oxidation, Introduction to ion implantation, Concept of ion implantation, Ion implantation system. Chemical vapor deposition, CVD process steps, CVD system types, Atmospheric pressure CVD systems, LPCVD, PECVD, VPE, MBE, MOCVD, Deposited films, Deposited semiconductors, Epitaxial silicon, Polysilicon and amorphous silicon deposition, SOS and SOI, Insulators and dielectrics, conductors. 4. Metallization and packaging: Conductors-single level metallization, Conductors-multilevel metal schemes, Conductors, Metal film uses, Deposition methods, Vacuum pumps. Chip characteristics, Package functions and design, Overview of packaging operations, Packaging processes, Package process folows, Package/bare die strategies, Package design. 5. Introduction to electronic communication: Importance of communications in these days of computer emphasis, Elements & types of communications systems, General applications, The electromagnetic spectrum, Bandwidth. 6. Amplitude modulation and Amplitude modulation Circuits: Amplitude modulation principles, Modulation index & percentage of modulation, Sidebands, Bandwidth and the frequency domain, Power distribution along spectrum, Single-Sideband (SSB), Frequency conversion AM modulators/demodulator, Balanced modulators, SSB circuits, Mixers & Converters. 7. Frequency Modulation (FM) and Frequency Modulation circuits: FM principles, Phase Modulation, Sidebands/Bandwidth, Modulation index (FM), FM vs AM, comparison of characteristics, Frequency Modulators, Phase-locked-loop, frequency synthesis with crystal oscillator, Phase modulators, Frequency demodulator. 8. Microwave Techniques: Microwaves Techniques, Transmission lines, waveguides, cavity resonators, Microwave devices: Semiconductors & TWT, magnetron, klystron tubes, Microwave antennas, feed horns.
	Books Recommended:
	Text books: 1. Peter Van Zant : Microchip Fabrication: A practical guide to semiconductor processing: 2. Frenzel. Louis :Communication Electronics, 3rd Ed:, Reference Books 1. S. M. Sze : VLSI Technology 2. Krauss : Solid State Radio Engineering:

	APEE -302 Pulse & Switching Circuits: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 Unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	1. Linear Wave Shaping: The high-pass and low pass RC circuits (Sinusoidal, Step-voltage, Pulse, Square-wave, Exponential and ramp inputs), The high-pass RC circuit as a differentiator, The low-pass RC circuit as an integrator, Attenuator, RL circuits, RLC circuits, Ringing circuits. 2. Pulse Transformer: Pulse transformer applications, Transformer models, Complete equivalent circuit, Rise-time response of a transformer, The flat top of the pulse, Complete pulse response. 3. Circuits for Generating Linear Voltage Slopes: Simple RC integrator, Linear sweep generators using current source, The miller integrator, Improved miller integrator, The bootstrap sweep generator, A practical bootstrap circuit. 4. Blocking- Oscillator Circuits: A triggered transistor blocking oscillator (base timing and emitter-timing), An astable transistor blocking oscillator (Diode-controlled and RC-controlled), Application of blocking oscillator. 5. Negative-Resistance Device & Switching circuits: Negative -resistance and trigger devices, Tunnel diode, SCR, UJT, Diac and Triac General characteristics of negative resistance devices, Types of negative-resistance devices, Two terminal and three terminal negative-resistance devices (NRD), A tunnel-diode Astable oscillator, A unijunction oscillator and SCR power control. A simple TRIAC full wave ac controller. 6. Synchronization and Frequency Division: Pulse synchronization of relaxation devices; Frequency division in sweep circuit, Synchronization of blocking oscillator (stable) and astable multivibrator, Monostable relaxation circuit as divider, Stability of relaxation dividers, Synchronization of a sweep circuit with symmetrical signal; Sine wave frequency division with sweep circuit, Sine wave synchronization with sine wave astable multivibrator, Sinusoidal divider using regeneration and modulation, The locked oscillator as a divider, Synchronization of a sinusoidal oscillator with pulses. 7. Induction and Dielectric Heating: Principles and theory of induction heating; Applications of induction heating, Principle of dielectric heating, Electrodes in dielectric heating, Uses, Welding. 8. Electronic Control of Motors and Generators: Automatic speed regulation, Controls of DC and AC motors, Synchronous motor control.
	Books Recommended:
	Text Books: 1. Jacob Millman and Herbert Taub : Pulse, digital and switching waveforms Reference Books: 1. G.K.Mithal and A.K.Vanwasi : Pulse and digital electronics. 2. J. M.Pettit and M. M.McWhorter : Electronic switching timing and pulse circuits. 3. mvB`yi ingvb I ‡gv: ‡gvRvddi ‡nv‡mb : cvjm I myBwPs eZ©bx

	APEE -303 Basic Solid State Physics and Material Science: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	1. Crystal structure: Concept of Solid, Unit cell, Bravis lattice, Miller Indices, Classification of crystals, Some simple crystal structure. 2. Elementary Diffraction Theory: Bragg’s law, Laue equations, Atomic scattering and structure factor, Determination of unit cell, Powder diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Diffraction and transmission microscope, Neutron diffraction. 3. Crystal Binding: Types of bonding, Crystal of inert gases, Vander Waals-London interaction, Repulsive interaction, Cohesive energy, Ionic crystal, Electrostatic energy, Evaluation of Madelung constant, Covalent crystal, Metal crystal, Hydrogen bonded crystal, Surface binding energy. 4. Crystal Growth: Semiconducting materials - Group IV, III-V and II - VI compounds, Preparation of high purity semiconductor materials, Zone melting and other purification techniques, Growth from the melt. 5. Electrical Conduction in Metals: Electrons in field free crystal, Electron gas approximation, Boltzmann transport equation, Mean free path, Temperature dependence of resistivity; Matheson’s rule; Structural dependence of resistivity. 6. Conduction in Semiconductor: Semiconductors, Band model of semiconductor, Intrinsic semiconductor, Extrinsic semiconductors, Drift mobility, Diffusion constant, Minority carrier life time, Hall effect, Metal-semiconductor contacts. 7. Mechanical Properties: Variations of elastic modulii, Elastic deformation, Viscous deformation, Plastic deformation, Annealing and crystallization, Fracture, Mechanical testing, Tensile test, Compression test, Hardness test, Impact test, Fatigue test, Creep and stress rupture, Non-destructive testing. 8. Multiphase Materials: Phase-equilibrium, One component system, Two -component system, Eutectic, Phase change without compositional change, Martensitic transformations, Nucleation of phase changes, Homogeneous nucleation, Heterogeneous nucleation, Ceramics, Cement and concrete.
	Books Recommended.
	Text Books: 1. C. Kittel : Introduction to Solid State Physics 2. Anderson, Leaver, Alexander and Rawlings : Semiconductors. Reference Books: 1. L.J.Azaroff and J.J. Brophy : Electronic Process in Materials. 2. A.J. Dekker : Solid State Physics. 3. L.H.Van Vlack : Material Science for Engineers 4. M.A. Wahab : Solid state Physics 5. C.M. Kachava : Solid State Physics 6. C.A. Wertand & R.M. Thomson : Physics of Solid

	APEE-304 Instrumentation and Control Systems: 50 marks (2 credit), ½ Unit (Time: 3 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 40
	1. Instruments & its static characteristics: Instrument systems, Functional elements, Classification of instrument, Standards & calibration, Performance parameters, Impedance loading & matching, Specifications of instruments, Selection of instruments. 2. Dynamic characteristics: Formulation of system equations, Dynamic response, Compensation., Transducer elements, Analog & digital transducers. 3. Amplifying, transmitting & recording elements: Amplifying elements, Data transmission elements; indicating, recording, and displaying elements. 4. Measuring Instruments: Spring-mass type seismic device, Elastic force device, Torsion dynamometer, High & low pressure measurement, Electrical resistance thermometer, Rate meter, Multimeter, Signal Generator, Oscilloscope, Fluxmeter, Electrometer, Gauss Meter, Microphones, Loud speaker.
	Books recommended:
	Text Books: 1. B.C.Nakra & K.K. Choudhury : Instrumentation Measurement and Analysis 2. H. N. Norton : Electronic Analysis Instruments 3. A. K. Sawhney : Electrical and Elec. Measurement and Inst. Reference Books: 1. W. D. Cooper :Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Technique 2. S. Wolf & R. M. Smith : Student Reference Manual. 3. C. S. Rangan, G. R.Sarma, V. S. Vmani :Instrumentation devices and systems. 4. P. Crozier : Electronic Instrumentation and measurements. 5. D' Azzo and Houpis :Feedback controls System Analysis and Synthesis 6. S. Dasgupta : Control Systems 7. N.M. Morris : Control Engineering 8. J.M. Jacob. : Industrial Control Electronics 9. Schaum Series : Feedback Control Systems 10. B.H. Oliver & J.M. Cage : Electronic measurements and Instrumentation

	APEE-305 Non Conventional Energy: 50 marks (2 credit), ½ Unit (Time: 3 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 40
	1. Introduction: World energy and requirement and reserve; Solar radiation ; Solar constant; Solar geometry; Azimuth; Declination; Day length; measurement of Solar radiation; Solar collectors: Flat plate collectors; collector efficiency factor; heat removal factor and flow rate factor. 2. Radiation characteristics and energy storage: Absorption; transmittance; reflectance; selective surfaces. Types of energy storage; sensible heat storage; latent heat storage. 3. Solar Cells: Characteristics of a solar cell; Optimization of cell design; MIS Solar cells, Amorphous silicon-material properties. 4. Other non-conventional energy: Biomass; source of biomass; wind power; wind power system; transmission, generation and control; wind mill; water power; tidal power.
	Books Recommended :
	1. G. D. Rai : Solar energy utilization 2. G. D. Rai : Non conventional source of energy 3. D. Rapp : Solar energy 4. J. A. Duffiee : Solar engineering of thermal process 5. M. A. Green : Solar Cell 6. Magal : Solar power engineering 7. Neville : Solar energy conversion; Solar cell 8. S. P. Sukhatme : Solar energy 9. Andersion : Fundamental of Solar energy conversion 10. Fisk and Andersion : Introduction to Solar technology

	APEE-306 Electromagnetic Theory & Antenna: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	1. Field Equations: Field equations based on laws of Coulomb, Ampere and Faraday; Displacement current, Maxwell's equations, Units and dimensions of field vectors, E-H symmetry, Lorenz’s lemma, Scalar and vector potentials, Retarded potentials. 2. Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves: Wave equations, Plane Wave concept, Plane electromagnetic waves in Free space, Conducting, Dielectric and Ionized media. 3. Poynting Vector: Joule heating in good conductors, intrinsic impedance and propagation constant. 4. Reflection and Refraction of Electromagnetic Waves: Boundary conditions, The laws of reflection and Snell's law of refraction, Reflection from dielectrics and conductors, Fresnel's equations, The brewster angle, Total reflection, Skin effect, Phase and group velocities, Reflection and refraction in the ionosphere. 5. Wave Guides: Rectangular and cylindrical wave guides, Cavity resonators, Microstrip lines and their characteristics, Microwave hybrid circuits, Scattering parameters, Wave guide Tees, Directional couplers, Circulators and Isolators, Phase shifter and attenuator, Solid state microwave devices. 6. Transmission Lines: Transmission line equations and parameters; Transmission line configuration and formulae, Transmission line at radio frequency; Impedance matching; Line termination, Smith chart, S. W. R. Q and band width, Balanced and unbalanced feeder from transmitter to antenna, Transmission at audio frequency; Distortion less line. 7. Antenna Fundamentals: Dipole antenna, Current and voltage distribution, Electrical length, Radiation resistance & patterns, Antenna tuning and coupling, Hertz and Marconi antenna. 8. Types of Antennas: Thin Linear Antenna, Antenna arrays; Broadcast tower antenna, Yagi antenna, Turnstile antenna, Helical, Rhombic, Horn antenna and their uses, Loop antenna, Parabolic, Periodic, Parasitic and lens antenna.
	Books Recommended.
	Text Books: 1. D.R.Corson and P. Lorain : Introduction to Electromagnetic Field & waves 2. S.L.Gupta and V. Kapur : Handbook of Electronics Reference Books: 1. J.D. Ryder : Networks, Lines and Fields. 2. Bronwell and Beam : Theory and Application for Microwave. 3. J.D. Jackson : Classical Electrodynamics. 4. G. Markov : Antennas 5. J.B.Kraus : Antennas 6. Laport : Antennas 7. J Reich : Microwave Principle 8. Y. Liao : Microwave Devices and Circuits Devices 9. J.D.Kraus : Electromagnetic 10. mvB`yi ingvb Lvb, Imgvb MwY ZvjyK`vi I Avãym †mvenvb : Zwor Py¤^Kxq ZË

	APEE-307 Geophysics : 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	1. Introduction to Geophysics: Basic concepts of Geophysics and Geology, Technological challenge of Geophysics, Review of Geophysical prospecting methods, Use of Geophysics in oil and mining exploration. 2. Gravity Method. Newton's laws of gravitation, Gravitational acceleration, Gravitational potential, Newton potential, Logarithmic potential, Potential field equations- Laplace’s equation, Poisson's equation, Derivatives of the potential, Gravity of the earth, Reference spheroids, Gravity reduction, Isostasy, Worden gravity meter, Lacoaste-Romberg gravity meter, Field operations. 3. Magnetic Method: Basic concepts of magnetism, Elements of geo-magnetic field, Origin of main geomagnetic field, External magnetic field, Magnetic potential, Poisson's relation, Field equations, Secular and diurnal variations, Magnetic storms, Magnetism of rocks and minerals, Residual magnetism, Proton precision magnetometer, Optically pumped magnetometer, Flux gate magnetometer, Squid magnetometer, Magnetic data collection and reduction, Survey system. 4. Seismic Method: Seismic theory, elastic characteristics of solids, Elastic constants, Different types of seismic waves, Waves equations, Propagation of seismic waves, Hygiene’s principles, Snell's law, Absorption of waves, Velocities of waves, Generation of waves, Detection of waves, Electro-magnetic geophones, Hydrophones, Geophones arrangements split-dip shooting; Common depth point shooting; Different spread type shooting; Reflection & refraction field procedure. 5. Resistivity Method: Electrical properties of rocks and minerals, Conduction in water bearing formation, elementary theory of resistivity, Geoelectric sectioning, Potential distribution in homogeneous media, Apparent resistivity, Current and potential distribution across a boundary, Resistivity survey instruments, Electrode arrangements, Field procedures, Electrical and drilling. 6. Self-Potential Method: Origin of potentials, S. P. field equipment, and Field procedures. 7. Induced polarization Method: Sources of induced polarization, Effect, Membrane and electrode polarization, Field operation, Time-domain and frequency-domain measurements, Metal factor; Field Procedure. 8. Electromagnetic Method: Electromagnetic field equations, Electromagnetic potential, Generation of Fields-primary and secondary, Amplitude and phase relations, Elliptic polarization; EM equipment, EM equipment, EM field systems; Intensity measurement, Dip-angle measurement and phase component measurement.
	Books Recommended:
	Text Books: 1. W.M.Telford, L.P.Goldert, R.E.Sheriff & D.A. Keys : Applied Geophysics 2. M.B. Dobrin : Introduction to Geophysical Prospecting Recommended Books: 1. D.S. Parasnis : The Principle of Applied Geophysics. 2. Society of Exploration Geophysicists : Seismic Refraction Prospecting. 3. Garland : Introduction to Geophysics

	APEE-308 Microprocessor and Microcontroller: 100 Marks (4 credit), 1 Unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	1. Introduction: Digital computers, Microcomputer organization and its operation, Instruction execution, Evolution of microprocessor, Microprocessor Architecture and Operation. 2. Memory Interface and I/O decoding: Memory map, Address decoding, Memory interfacing to microprocessor, I/O mapped I/O, Memory mapped I/O, interfacing I/O devices. 3. Microcomputer Systems: 8085 MPU: Internal architecture, clock circuitry; address, data and control connections, Reset or restart, Bus timing; Interrupt structure, DMA connection. 4. Assembly Language Programming: Instruction classification, Instruction format; Examples: data transfer group, Arithmetic group, Logical group, Branch group, I/O and Machine control group, Instruction timing and operation status; Introduction to 8085 instructions, Some examples of 6800 programming; Stack and subroutine. 5. Interfacing Peripherals: Interfacing data converters (D/A & A/D), The 8255A Programmable peripheral interface, Illustration: interfacing keyboard and seven segment displays, The 8259A programmable interrupt controller, Direct memory access (DMA) and the 8257 DMA controller, Basic concepts in serial I/O. 6. Microprocessors Applications: Designing Scanned displays, Interfacing a matrix keyboard, Memory design, 8085 MPU design, Software design. 7. Microcontroller: Different types of microcontroller, Processor architecture, microcontroller memory types, microcontroller features, 8051 microcontroller architecture, 8051 addressing modes, 8051 hardware features, 8051 programming, 8. PIC microcontroller: PIC microcontroller features, PIC 16C6X/7X microcontroller, architecture, memory organization, I/O ports, Interrupts, timers, A/D I/O.
	Books Recommended:
	Text Books: 1. Gaonkar :Microprocessor Architecture, Programming & Applications 2. Myke Predka :Programing and customizing 8051 microcontroller 3. Ajay V Deshmukh : Microcontrollers [Theory and Applications] Reference Books: 1. S.K Bose : Digital Systems from Gates to Microprocessors. 2. A.P. Mathur : Introduction to Microprocessors 3. M. Rafiquzzaman : Microprocessor and Microprocessor- Based system Design. 4. Raj Kamal : The concepts and features of microcontroller
	Fourth Year
	APEE 401 Communication Engineering: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	1. Satellite Communication: Introduction, Satellite construction, Orbits, Station keeping, Satellite altitude, Transmission path, Path loss, Noise considerations, Satellite system, Saturation flux density, Effective isotropic radiated power, Multiple access methods, Modulation schemes used in the satellite links, FDMA, TDMA, CDMA and packet switched system, Satellite classes, Low orbit satellites for mobile communication, Earth station, Satellite link analysis. 2. Maser and Laser Communication: Basic principles of masers, Ammonia maser, Solid state maser, Solid state laser, Semiconductor and gas laser; Microwave transducer for laser communication, Application of maser and laser in telecommunication and satellite communication, Microwave relay system. 3. Fiber Optic Communication: Introduction, Principle of light transmission in a fiber, propagation of light in an optical fibre: ray model and wave model. Losses in fibers, Dispersion, Light sources for fibers, Photo detector connector and splices. Fiber optic link design, Power and rise time budget, SNR and BER calculations, Introduction to coherent optical communication WDM systems, Devices for coherent optical communication like directional coupler, Optical amplifiers, Introduction to high speed long distance fiber optic links. 4. Representation of Signals and System: Discrete time signals, Sequences, Linear self invariant systems, Stability and Causality, Linear constant coefficient, Difference Equations, Frequency and time domain, Fourier series and Fourier transform, Discrete Fourier transform, Fast Fourier transform, Z-transform, Convolution, Correlation, Autocorrelation. 5. Digital Communication System: Pulse modulation systems, Base band pulse Transmission, Digital pass band transmission, Digital modulation technique, PSK, FSK, DPSK & QAM, M-array modulation techniques, spectrum of digital signals, Digital carriers system, Sources of error in digital communication systems, Error control coding, Nyquist sampling theorem, Quantization of analog system, Quantization of noise PAM, PWM, PPM, PCM, LOGPCM, TDM. 6. Digital Filter Design: Design of FIR digital filter, Window method, Park-McClellan’s method, Design of IIR Digital filters, :Butterworth, Chebyshev and elliptic approximation, Low pass, Band pass, band stop and high pass filters. 7. Microwave Link: Microwave link and its advantage, Frequency assignment and modulation methods, Transmitting and receiving equipment, Base band repeater, IF repeater, Microwave carrier supply, Auxiliary channels. 8. Radar: Basic principle, Radar equation and range, Factors influencing maximum range, Effect of noise, Power, Frequencies used in Radar, Types of Radar, CW & FM radar; Doppler effect; MTI & Pulse radar; Duplexer radar receiver; Indicator and timers; Altimeter and IFF equipment; Tracking radar systems and search systems, SONAR, LORAN, ILS, GCA, Radar beacon.
	Books Recommended
	Text Books: 1. J. Martin : Communication Satellite System 2. D. Raddy & Coolen : Electrical Communication Reference Books: 1. L.J.Carter : Communication satellite. 2. J.S.Thorp : Masers and Lasers. 3. S.E.Miller & A.G. Chynoweth : Optical Fiber Telecommunication. 4. M. S. Roden : Analog and Digital Communication System 5. M. I. Skolnik : Introduction to Radar System 6. Barnoski : Fundamentals of Optical Fiber Communication 7. Chrin : An Introduction to Optical Fiber 8. S. Haykin : Communication System 9. Oppenheim and Schaffer : Digital Signal Processing 10. J.C. Hancock : An Introduction to the Communication Principles & Communication theory. 11. Rabiner & Gold : Theory & Application of Digital Signal Processing. 12.. M. T. Hills : Telecommunication Switching Principles. 13.. J. M. Senior : Optical Fiber Communication 14..J.G.Proakis and D.G.Monolakis : Digital Signal Processing 15.. J.R. Johnson : Introduction to Digital Signal Processing 16. A.V Oppenheim and Schafer : Discrete Time Signal Processing 17. ‡gv: ‡`jvIqvi ‡nv‡mb : dvBevi Av‡jvK ‡hvMv‡hvM cwiwPwZ

	APEE-402 Radio and Television Engineering: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	Group A: Radio Engineering 1. Propagation of Radio wave: Surface & space wave propagation, Sky wave through ionosphere, Theory of Eccles and Larmer, Pulse method for measuring height and electron concentration of ionospheric region, Chapman theory of layer formation, Ionospheric storm, Frequency spectrum. 2. Broadcasting Transmitter: Different types of transmitter by power & waves, Elements of transmitter stabilized master oscillator, Frequency multipliers, Mixer exciters, R.F. power amplifier, AM & FM transmitter, Transmitter performance, Carrier frequency stability, Audio frequency response. Distortion. Signal to distortion ratio. 3. Radio Receiver: Receiver classification, T. R. F. and heterodyne receiver, Principle of AM receiver, Superheterodyne receiver, AM demodulators, Reception and preselection, FM receiver, FM reception, AFC circuit, Limiters, Ratio detectors, Foster-Seely detector, Comparison of AM and FM receiver, Noise in receiver, Noise limiting circuits. AGC circuits, Receiver sensitivity, Cross modulation, Spurious response converters, Detector and modulation circuits. Radio receiver servicing, Servicing transistor receiver, Receiver troubles shootings. 4. Standard Broadcast Stations: Components of a broadcast system, The broadcast console, Audio levels, Frequency monitoring, Modulation monitors, Emergency broadcast systems, Disk recording, Playback records, Microwave relay system, Cable relay system, Satellite relay system, Broadcasting studio properties & design. Group B: TV Engineering 5. Fundamentals of TV: Transmission and reception of picture information, Scanning, Standard scanning pattern, Synchronization, Blanking pulses, Composite video signal, Vestigial sideband transmission, Line of sight transmission, TV channels. 6. TV Camera Tubes: Storage type camera tubes: Non-storage type camera tubes; Iconoscope; Image orthicon, Vidicon, Plumbicon, Colour TV camera and other types of camera tubes. 7. TV Receiver & Transmitter: Fundamentals of TV receiver, Picture tubes, Deflection circuit, High voltage power supply, Folded dipole with directors and reflectors for TV receiver, TV Transmitter and TV studio design. 8. Colour TV: Definition of colour TV, Types of colour video signals, Matrix circuits, Colourplexed composite video signal, Fundamentals of colour TV receiver, Colour picture tube, Chrominance, ACC bias, Colour troubles, TV receiver servicing.
	Books Recommended:
	Text Books: 1.A.G. Mithal : Radio & TV Engineering 2.Gulati : Monochrome & Color Television Reference Books: 1. S.L.Gupta and V.Kumar : Hand book of Electronics. 2. Ghirardi and Johnson : Radio TV Rreceiver Circuitry and Operation 3. K.R.Sturlen : Radio Receiver Design: Vol. 1 & II 4. K.R.Sturlen : Radio Transmitter and Receiver Design. 5. Keith Henry : Radio Engineering Handbook. 6. J.S. Millman and H. Taub : Pulse Digital and Switching Waveforms. 7. B. Grob : Basic TV. 8. A. Schure : Basic TV. 9. Fowler and Liport : Television Fundamentals.

	APEE- 403 Computer Networks & Data Communication: 50 marks (2 credit), 0.5 Unit (Time: 3 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 40
	1. Introduction: Uses of computer networks to computer communication networks and layered architecture view, LAN, WAN, Packet switching and fast packet switching, Reference models, The OSI reference model, The TCP/IP reference model, A comparison of the OSI and TCP reference models. 2. The Data Link Layer: Data link layer design issues, Elementary data link protocols, An unrestricted simplex protocol, A simplex stop and wait protocol, Sliding windows protocols, e Data link protocol, HDLC-High-level data link Control, Data link layer in the internet, The data link later in ATM. 3. The Application & Network Layer: The IP protocol, IP address, Sub nets, Internet control protocols, Mobile IP, Routing and flow control algorithm in Data networks. Network security, DNS-domain name system, Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), Architecture and services, Electronic mail, FAX, The world wide web. 4. Multiple Access Protocols: ALOHA, Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) protocols, Collision-free protocols, Limited contention protocols, Wavelength division multiple access protocols, Wireless LAN protocols, CSMA, CSMD/CD, High Speed LANs: FDDI, Fast Ethernet, High Performance Parallel Interface (HIPPI), Bridges, Transparent bridges, Source routing bridges, Remote bridges.
	Books Recommended:
	Text Books: 1.A.S.Tannenbaum : Computer Networks Reference Books: 1. R. G. Gallager and D Bertsekas : Data Networks 2. J. F.Hayes : Modeling and Analysis of Computer Communication 3. W Stallings : Data and Computer Communication 4. R Rom and M. Sidi : Multiple Access Protocols

	APEE-404 Computer Architecture & Organization: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	1. Design Methodology: Introduction, Combination circuits, Sequential circuits, The register level, Register level components, Design methods, The processor level, Processor level components, Design technique. 2. Processor Design: Processor organization, Information representation & number formats, Instruction sets, Instruction formats. 3. Arithmetic logic Unit: Fixed point arithmetic, Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and division, ALU design, Basic ALU organization, Floating point arithmetic, Arithmetic preprocessor. 4. Control Design: Introduction: instruction sequencing, Instruction interpretation, Hardwired control, Multiplier control unit, CPU control unit, Micro-programmed control, Microinstruction, Micro-programmed sequencer. 5. Memory Organization: Memory devices & characteristics, RAM organization, Serial access memory, Virtual memory, Memory hierarchy, Main memory allocation, Segments, Pages & files, High speed memories, Memory interleaving, Cache memory, Associative memory. 6. System Organization: Microcomputer organization, Communication, Bus concepts, Bus control, Arbitration, Programmed I/O, Interrupt controlled I/O, DMA, I/O Processor. 7. I/O Interfaces and Bus Standards: I/O hardware, Interface circuits, Standard I/O interfaces: SCSI, Computer peripherals, Video terminals, Remote terminals, Video displays, Flat plane displays, Printers, Secondary Storage, Magnetic disk systems, TAPEE systems, CDROM system. 8. Pipelining & Parallel Processing: Basic concepts of pipelining, Instruction, Que, Parallel Processing.
	Books recommended:
	Text Books: J. P. Hayes : Computer Architecture and Organization. Reference Books: 1. V.K. Jain : Switching Theory and Digital Electronics. 2. M. Morris Manno : Digital Logic and Computer Design. 3.D. V. Hall : Microprocessors & Interfacing.

	APEE-405 Solid State Physics: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 Unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	1. Band Theory of Solid: Bloch Theorem, Kronig Penny model, Brillouin zones, Fermi energy, Fermi surfaces, de Haas-Van Alphen effect, Formation energy bands, Density of states, Origin of band gaps, Application of zone theory. 2. Lattice Vibrations: Vibrations of Lattices, Organization of lattice vibrations, Phonon momentum, Lattice heat capacity, Thermal expansion and thermal conductivity. 3. Dielectric Properties: Lorenz field, Different types of polarizibility, Dielectric constant, Relaxation and dielectric losses, Piezoelectricity, Ferroelectricity, Ionic conductivity and electric breakdown. 4. Insulating Materials: Organic polymer, Structure of polymer, Aging of thermoplastics, Glassy polymer, Composite materials incorporating polymers, Electrical properties, Conductive polymer, ceramic materials, Electromagnetic behaviour of Ceramics, Mechanical behaviour of ceramics, Processing of ceramic materials. 5. Ferromagnetism and Antiferromagnetism: Curie point and exchange integral, Temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization; Spin waves; Quantization of spin waves; Ferromagnetic order; Curie temperature and susceptibility of ferromagnets; Antiferromagnetic order; Ferromagnetic domain; Anisotropy Energy; Origin of domains. 6. Superconductivity: Basic properties of superconductors; The critical field; Meissner effect; Thermodynamic of super-conductors; London equations; BCS theory of superconductivity; Quantum theory of superconductivity; Josephson effect; Super-conducting magnet. 7. Dislocations: Shear strength of single crystals; Slips; Burgers vector; Stress field of dislocations; Low angle grain boundaries; Dislocation densities; Dislocation multiplication and slip; Dislocation and crystal growth. 8. Optical phenomena in Solid: Colour of a crystal; Excitons; Weakly and tightly bound excitons; Photoconductivity; Traps; Luminescence; Phosphors.
	Books Recommended:
	Text Books: 1. C. Kittel : Introduction to Solid State Physics. 2. A.J. Deker : Solid State Physics Reference books: 1. V. Overstracten & R.P. Mertens : Physics, Technology and use of Photovoltaic 2. V. Azarroff & J. J. Brophy : Electronic process in Materials. 3. L. H. Van Vlack : Material science for Engineers 4. Anderson, Leaver, Alexander & Rawling : Materials Science. 5. Ali Omar : Elementary Solid State Physics. 6. †gv: AvwRRvi ingvb miKvi : KwVb Ae¯’vi c`v_© weÁvb ‡gv: Lvqi&yj Avjg Lvb I ‡gv: Aveyj nv‡kg

	APEE-406 Telecommunication Engineering: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	1. Introduction: Simple telephone communication, Basic switching system, Transmission bridge, Manual telephony, LB exchange, CB exchange, Subscriber’s line circuit, CB cord circuit, Busy test, Junction working. 2. Electromechanical Systems: Rotary dial telephone, Signaling tones, Strowger switching system, Principles of crossbar switching, Crossbar switch configuration, Crossbar exchange organisation, EMD switching system, Design parameters, 100-line switching system, 1000-line blocking exchange, 10,000-line exchange. 3. Switching System: Principles of common control, touch tone dial telephone, Crosspoint technology, No. 1 ESS, Japanese D-10, Metaconta. 4. Signal Switching: Stored program control, Centralized SPC, Distributed SPC, Software architecture, Application software, Enhanced services, Two-stage network, Three-stage network, n-stage network. Concepts of TDM, Basic time division space switching, Basic time division time switching, Time multiplexed space switching, Time-multiplexed time switching, Combination switching, Three-stage combination switching, n-stage combination switching. 5. Traffic Engineering: Network traffic load and parameters, Grade of service and blocking probability, Modeling switching systems, Incoming traffic and service time characterization, Blocking models and loss estimation, Delay systems. 6. Telephone Networks: Subscriber loop systems, Switching hierarchy and routing, Transmission plan, Transmission systems, Numbering plan, Charging plan, Signaling techniques, Inchannel signaling, Common channel signaling. 7. Cellular Mobile Telephone: Mobile telephone systems, Trunking efficiency, Basic cellular system, Performance criteria, Mobile radio environment, Operation of cellular systems, Planning a cellular systems, Analog and digital cellular systems. 8. Integrated Services Digital Network: Motivation for ISDN, New services, Network and protocol architecture, Transmission channels, User-network interfaces, Signaling, Numbering and addressing, Service characterization, Inter working, ISDN standards, Expert Systems in ISDN, Broadband ISDN, Voice data integration.
	Books Recommended:
	Text books: 1. N.N. Biswas : Principles of Telephony 2. M.T. Hills : Telecommunication Switching Principles 3. T. Viswanathan : Telecommunication Switching Systems and Networks 4. W.C.Y. Lee : Mobile Cellular Telecommunication Reference books: 1.J.Y. Bryce : Using ISDN 2.J.C. Bellamy : Digital Telephony.

	APEE-407 Applied Geophysics: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75
	1. Interpretation of Gravity Anomalies: Characteristics of gravity anomalies for bodies of simple geometric shape like sphere, Cylinder, Rod, Prism, Sheet; Regional and residual gravity, Upward and downward continuation, Excess mass, Overburden effect and interpretation of gravity anomaly map. 2. Interpretation of Magnetic Field Data: Magnetic anomalies for bodies of simple geometric shAPEE such as isolated pole, dipole, sphere, cylinder, prism, thin sheet, dike, Smoothing of field data, Effect of demagnetization, Depth estimation, Interpretation of magnetic anomaly map. 3. Seismic Data Processing and Interpretation: Fourier Transform, Convolution, Correlation, Phase consideration, Frequency Filtering, Multichannel, processing, Seismic refraction and reflection interpretation. 4. Resistivity Method: Potential and current distribution in homogeneous and layered media, Laplace’s equation, Effect of anisotropic ground, Interpretation of profiling and sounding data, Auxiliary method and direct methods. 5. Electromagnetic Method: Generation of electromagnetic field by different loops, combined effect of electromagnetic fields, Response function, Dip angle and phase component measurement, Transmitter-receiver geometry’s and interpretation of anomalies over sheet like conducting bodies. 6. Radioactivity Method: Principle of radioactivity, Spontaneous disintegration, decay process, radioactivity of rocks and minerals, Detection of radioactivity, Instruments, Field operation and interpretation and examples. 7. Geophysical Well Logging: Fundamentals of quantitative log interpretation, Resistivity logging Electromagnetic logging; Gamma ray logging; Density logging; Neutron logging; Susceptibility logging, Gravity logging, Well logging interpretation.
	Books Recommended:
	Text Books: 1. W.M.Telford, L.P.Gelbert, R.E. Sherff and D.A. Keys : Applied Geophysics 2. M.B.Dobrin : Introduction to Geophysical prospecting (3rd Ed) Reference Books: 1.F.S. Grant & G.F. West : Interpretation Theory in Applied Geophysics. 2. D.S. Parasonic : The Principles of Applied Geophysics. 3. M. H. Worthington : Seismic Data Processing. 4. J. F. Claerbout : Fundamentals of Geophysical data processing. 5. A.J. Berkhou : Applied Seismic Wave Theory. 6. E. A. Robinson, T. S. Durrani, and L. G. Peardon : Geophysical Signal Physics

Department of Applied Physics and Electronic Engineering

Syllabus for B. Sc. (Honours)

Session: 2006 – 2007

Examinations:

Degree requirements:

Publications of results:

Promotions:

Table 1: Mark, Unit and Credit Distributions

Table 2: Marks on Attendance

Course Improvement:

Result Improvement:

Pass degree:

Dropping out:

Eligibility for examinations:

The Grading System:

Table-3

a) Table of LG, GP, and CP for non credit course

b) Table of LG, GP, and CP for non credit course

Calculation of Grade Point Average (GPA) & Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA):

Table 4: Year-wise total marks & unit distribution

Table 5: Year-wise distribution of marks of major and related courses

First Year

APEE-101 Basic Electronics: 100 marks, 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75

Books Recommended:

APEE-102 Applied Electricity, Magnetism & Networks: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit (Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8) Lectures: 75

Books Recommended:

Applied Mechanics and Optics: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Books Recommended.

Thermodynamics, Refrigeration, Air-conditioning & Acoustics

100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Books Recommended.

Algebra, Trigonometry and Vector Analysis: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Books Recommended:

Differential Calculus and Integral calculus: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Books Recommended

Statistics: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 Unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Books Recommended:

Chemistry: 50 marks (2 credit) (2 credit), 0.5 unit

(Time: 3 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lecturers: 40

Recommended Books:

English: 50 marks (2 credit) , 0.5 unit

(Time: 3 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 40

Books Recommended:

Second Year:

Electronic Circuits & Devices: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Books Recommended.

Electrical Machines Systems & Filter: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Books Recommended.

Digital Electronics: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Quantum Mechanics, Atomic & Nuclear Physics: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Group-A

Group-B

Books Recommended.

Operating System & Programming in C & C++

100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit

(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Question to be answered out of 8)

Lectures: 75

Group-A

Group-B

Books Recommended:

APEE-101
Basic Electronics: 100 marks, 1 unit
(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)
Lectures: 75

APEE-102
Applied Electricity, Magnetism & Networks: 100 marks (4 credit), 1 unit
(Time: 4 hrs; 5 Questions to be answered out of 8)
Lectures: 75